A flare system is typically made up of different parts that work together to get rid of waste gasses. These components can include pipes for transporting gas, utilities, and controls. These components will be discussed in further detail below.
- Gas Transport Piping
Flare systems are designed to burn off excess gas that cannot be processed by the refinery. The gas is transported to the flare via gas transport piping. The gas transport piping must be designed to handle the high pressures and temperatures of the gas, as well as the potential for corrosion.
It is typically made of carbon steel, which is strong and resistant to corrosion. However, the high temperatures and pressures of the gas can cause the piping to fail. To prevent this, the piping is often lined with a corrosion-resistant material, such as stainless steel. The gas transport piping must also be designed to handle the potential for leaks. To prevent leaks, the piping is often equipped with pressure relief valves. These valves allow the gas to escape if the pressure in the piping becomes too high.
- Knock-out Drum
The knock-out drum is an important part of a flare system. The knock-out drum is typically the first vessel in the flare system and is used to remove any liquids and solids that may be present in the gas stream. This is important because these liquids and solids can clog the flare stack and cause the flare system to malfunction.
The size and design of the knock-out drum will vary depending on the application. For example, a knock-out drum for a natural gas pipeline will be different from a knock-out drum for a refinery flare system. The size of the knock-out drum will also be dependent on the flow rate of the gas stream.
- Liquid Seal
A liquid seal is a device used to prevent the escape of liquids or gases from a system. The seal is typically between two moving parts, such as a rotating shaft and stationary housing. A liquid seal can also be used to prevent the entry of contaminants into a system.
- Flare Stack
A flare stack is a large, tall structure used to burn off waste gases from an industrial process. The gases are usually released into the atmosphere through a tall stack, which can be several hundred feet tall. It is located at a high level to ensure the safety of the surrounding facilities and staff.
- Gas Seal
Gas seals are an important part of any flare system because they prevent the escape of flammable or toxic gases. If these gases escaped, they could create a fire or health hazard. There are many gas seals, but the mechanical seal is the most common type.
- Controls
In a flare system, controls are used to regulate the release of gas and to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. There are two types of controls: manual and automatic.
Manual controls are operated by hand and are used to regulate the release of gas from the system. A computer operates automatic controls to monitor and regulate the system.
Conclusion
While there are many other components of a flare system that are not discussed above, the ones mentioned are the core components that you should be familiar with. However, that does not mean those not mentioned above are not just as important. Every part of the flare system is necessary for it to keep working, and by being familiar with the flare system, you are more knowledgeable about what you are working with.
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